{
  "_description": "本文件由 data/ 生成：请改动来源文件，不要改这里。各字段的证据边界见接入指南。",
  "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
  "kind": "entry",
  "locale": "zh-CN",
  "id": "autocomplete",
  "name": {
    "zh": "自动补全",
    "en": "Autocomplete"
  },
  "page": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/autocomplete/",
  "self": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/autocomplete.json",
  "alternates": {
    "zh-CN": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/autocomplete.json",
    "en": "https://designvocabulary.com/en/entries/autocomplete.json"
  },
  "site": {
    "catalogSchemaVersion": "0.1.0",
    "entries": 137,
    "index": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/index.json",
    "query": "https://designvocabulary.com/api/query?lang=zh",
    "guide": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/agents/",
    "llms": "https://designvocabulary.com/llms.txt"
  },
  "provenance": {
    "sourceBacked": [
      "entry.definition"
    ],
    "editorial": [
      "entry.boundary",
      "entry.signature",
      "entry.when",
      "entry.when_not",
      "entry.tradeoff",
      "entry.comparison",
      "entry.rules",
      "entry.relations",
      "entry.implementationNote",
      "entry.behavior"
    ],
    "scope": "定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "specimenData": "fictional",
    "specimenNote": "示例为原创虚构界面；定义附来源，用法与配方为编辑建议。",
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "autocomplete-w3c-apg",
        "url": "https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/combobox/",
        "title": "W3C · ARIA Authoring Practices Guide: Combobox Pattern",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "status": "available",
          "confirmed": true,
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916054653/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/combobox/",
          "capturedAt": "2026-09-16T05:46:53Z",
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/combobox/"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "autocomplete-ui-patterns",
        "url": "https://ui-patterns.com/patterns/Autocomplete",
        "title": "UI Patterns · Autocomplete design pattern",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "status": "pending",
          "confirmed": false,
          "url": null,
          "capturedAt": null,
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://ui-patterns.com/patterns/Autocomplete"
        }
      }
    ],
    "lists": [],
    "ordered": false,
    "listDisclaimer": "席位号是编辑位置，不是评分、排名或人气统计；清单未收满时保持原样，不补足。"
  },
  "entry": {
    "id": "autocomplete",
    "type": "interaction",
    "name": {
      "zh": "自动补全",
      "en": "Autocomplete"
    },
    "aliases": [
      "Auto Suggest",
      "Typeahead",
      "输入建议",
      "联想输入"
    ],
    "granularity": "component",
    "intents": [
      "find-item",
      "prevent-error"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "输入",
      "建议",
      "搜索",
      "再认",
      "列表"
    ],
    "definition": "用户输入的同时，在输入框下方给出与已输入内容匹配的候选：用户可以选中其中一条直接完成输入，也可以不理会继续自己打完。",
    "boundary": "本词条指\"边打边给候选\"这一交互，不指浏览器或系统按历史记录自动填充表单——后者由用户代理提供，作者通常只声明字段用途。判定标准是候选来自系统的匹配且用户可以忽略；把输入直接改写成候选、或不选择就无法提交，都不是补全而是限制选项，应改用明确的选择控件。候选的排序也不是中立的：它决定了用户最可能选到什么，因此排序依据应当可解释。",
    "signature": [
      "候选随输入变化，出现在输入框相邻的弹出列表中",
      "可以用键盘在候选间移动并确认，也可以直接忽略",
      "用户输入的原文始终保留，未被候选覆盖"
    ],
    "when": [
      "目标值难以拼写或有多种写法，用户记得大概但拼不准",
      "候选集来自系统已有的确定数据，例如城市、商品或标签",
      "输入错误的代价较高，提前匹配可以减少无效提交"
    ],
    "when_not": [
      "候选只有寥寥几项，直接列出选项比让用户猜着打更快",
      "必须从固定集合中选择，补全会让用户以为可以自由输入",
      "候选来自不可解释的推荐排序，却被呈现得像是客观匹配"
    ],
    "tradeoff": "把回忆变成再认，显著降低输入负担与拼写错误，代价是候选列表本身成了一层筛选：没有出现在列表里的选项会被用户默认为不存在，而排序规则又几乎不可见。",
    "comparison": {
      "focus": "让用户认出目标而不是准确回忆并拼出它",
      "mechanism": "随输入更新的候选弹出列表，可选可忽略",
      "cost": "未出现的选项被当作不存在，排序不可见"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "autocomplete-w3c-apg",
        "title": "W3C · ARIA Authoring Practices Guide: Combobox Pattern",
        "url": "https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/combobox/",
        "claim": "该模式说明组合框是带有关联弹出层的输入控件，弹出层让用户从一组值中为该输入选择取值，弹出层可以是列表框、网格、树或对话框；在一些实现中弹出层呈现允许的取值，在另一些实现中呈现建议的取值。本词条据此转述控件结构，并据以区分\"建议\"与\"限定取值\"两种用法。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/combobox/",
          "status": "available",
          "checkedAt": "2026-09-16T05:45:51.213Z",
          "jobId": "spn2-d4d6992153373f55a317fe7ec6043b6e8772a02b",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916054653/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/combobox/",
          "timestamp": "20260916054653"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "autocomplete-ui-patterns",
        "title": "UI Patterns · Autocomplete design pattern",
        "url": "https://ui-patterns.com/patterns/Autocomplete",
        "claim": "该模式把问题描述为\"用户在执行难以记忆或容易拼错的搜索任务时需要以再认为辅助\"，并建议在同一事物可以有多种输入写法、以及输入内容可以与系统中某条确定信息对应时使用；本词条的适用条件据此转述。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://ui-patterns.com/patterns/Autocomplete",
          "status": "pending",
          "checkedAt": "2026-09-22T11:53:32.907Z",
          "error": "status-request-failed",
          "jobId": "spn2-64166990d3e6749fc10c28b2dbe3a1eca278d661"
        }
      }
    ],
    "relations": [
      {
        "target": "recognition",
        "kind": "realized_by",
        "condition": "用户记得目标的样子却拼不出准确写法",
        "reason": "补全把需要回忆的输入变成从候选中挑选，是再认优于回忆这一原则的一种具体实现。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "search-and-filter",
        "kind": "composes_with",
        "condition": "补全用于搜索框，用户仍可能直接提交原始查询",
        "reason": "补全加速找到已知项，筛选处理结果仍然过多的情况；两者常同时出现在同一条查找路径上。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "explainability",
        "kind": "composes_with",
        "condition": "候选的排序来自推荐或个性化而不是简单前缀匹配",
        "reason": "排在前面的候选最可能被选中，因此排序依据应当可以被说明，而不是让用户以为那是客观结果。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "rules": [
      {
        "when": "候选列表出现或更新",
        "instruction": "保留用户已输入的原文，不要用候选覆盖输入框，并让候选数量的变化可被读屏察觉。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "when": "没有任何候选匹配",
        "instruction": "明确说明\"没有匹配项\"并允许继续提交原始输入，而不是显示一个空白列表。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "behavior": {
      "states": [
        "idle",
        "typing",
        "suggesting",
        "empty",
        "selected"
      ],
      "a11y": [
        "输入框与候选列表建立关联，当前高亮项被朗读",
        "上下键移动、回车确认、Escape 关闭列表并保留已输入内容"
      ],
      "motion": "列表直接出现，无需动画；减弱动态偏好下不做过渡"
    },
    "demo": null,
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "requirements": [],
    "demoCapabilities": [],
    "implementationNote": "本词条尚无可操作示例；插画为编辑示意，其中的候选内容均为虚构。应用到产品前仍须按所引的组合框模式验证键盘操作与读屏播报，并确认无匹配时仍可提交原始输入。",
    "image": {
      "src": "/images/autocomplete.webp",
      "alt": "一张名为 FIELDNOTES 的虚构搜索框示意：输入框内有一段已输入的短文本，下方弹出五行候选，每行左侧有一小段与输入相同的深色文字、其余为灰色占位条，第二行被高亮。"
    },
    "searchTerms": [
      "input",
      "suggestions",
      "search",
      "recognition",
      "listbox"
    ]
  }
}