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    "en": "Bauhaus Graphic Style"
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    "scope": "定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。",
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        "id": "bauhaus-archiv-home",
        "url": "https://www.bauhaus.de/en/",
        "title": "Bauhaus-Archiv / Museum für Gestaltung · Startseite",
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  "entry": {
    "id": "bauhaus",
    "type": "visual",
    "name": {
      "zh": "包豪斯视觉语言",
      "en": "Bauhaus Graphic Style"
    },
    "aliases": [
      "Bauhaus Style",
      "包豪斯风格",
      "包豪斯平面设计"
    ],
    "granularity": "experience",
    "intents": [
      "express-brand",
      "organize-content"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "几何图形",
      "原色",
      "无衬线排版",
      "不对称构图",
      "功能主义"
    ],
    "definition": "以圆、三角、方等基础几何图形，红黄蓝等高纯度原色色块，以及无衬线（常为全小写）几何化字体为核心元素的平面视觉语言；强调去除多余装饰，让形状、色彩与排版本身承担表达和信息层级。",
    "boundary": "本词条只讨论包豪斯学校（1919–1933）在平面视觉层面留下的图形语言——几何图形、原色色块、无衬线字体与不对称构图，不概括包豪斯学校在建筑、工业设计、工坊教学体系或包豪斯教育理念上的全部主张。它与瑞士国际主义历史相关但不是同一风格：瑞士国际主义在时间上晚于包豪斯，发展自新排版运动等脉络，并把探索沉淀为更系统化的网格与克制配色规则；包豪斯图形语言本身没有形成统一网格标准，仍保留更实验性的、色块与形状直接并置的构图。",
    "signature": [
      "圆、三角、方等基础几何图形作为主要视觉元素，少用具象或装饰性图案",
      "红、黄、蓝等高纯度原色色块与黑白形成强对比",
      "无衬线、常为全小写的几何化字体，配合不对称的版面构图"
    ],
    "when": [
      "希望用简洁的几何符号和强烈原色色块传达现代、实验性的品牌气质",
      "海报、标识或宣传物料需要在较小尺寸和快速浏览下依然保持清晰的图形识别度",
      "内容结构本身比较简单，可以被压缩为形状、色块与排版本身的组合，不依赖精细插画"
    ],
    "when_not": [
      "仅仅套用红黄蓝色块或几何图标就宣称实现了包豪斯风格，却没有保留清晰、功能优先的排版意图",
      "页面信息密度高、以长文本或密集数据为主，几何色块会干扰阅读而不是辅助层级",
      "把它等同于瑞士国际主义的网格排版系统——二者历史相关，但视觉规则和成熟阶段并不相同"
    ],
    "tradeoff": "几何原色色块和大胆的不对称排版能带来很高的视觉识别度和现代实验感，但如果只挪用形状和配色而丢失了功能优先、层级清楚的排版意图，容易变成表面化的复古装饰；同时高纯度原色大面积色块必须验证与文字、图标的对比度，否则会牺牲可读性。",
    "comparison": {
      "focus": "几何原色与实验性排版带来的视觉识别度",
      "mechanism": "基础几何图形、原色色块、无衬线几何化字体、不对称构图",
      "cost": "装饰性挪用容易丢失功能意图；原色色块的文字对比度需要逐一验证"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "bauhaus-archiv-home",
        "title": "Bauhaus-Archiv / Museum für Gestaltung · Startseite",
        "url": "https://www.bauhaus.de/en/",
        "claim": "该页面的描述元数据称包豪斯档案馆/设计博物馆收藏全球最大的包豪斯相关资料，并把包豪斯（1919–1933）称为二十世纪最重要的建筑、设计与艺术学校；本词条据此确认包豪斯的成立与关闭年份。",
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          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916044206/https://www.bauhaus.de/en/",
          "timestamp": "20260916044206"
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      {
        "id": "tate-bauhaus",
        "title": "Tate · Art Term: Bauhaus",
        "url": "https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/b/bauhaus",
        "claim": "该词条称包豪斯由 Walter Gropius 于 1919 年在魏玛创立，1925–26 年迁往德绍，1932 年迁往柏林，1933 年在纳粹政权压力下关闭；并称其宗旨是让艺术重新与日常生活发生联系；本词条的成立、迁址与关闭年份及办学取向据此转述。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-15",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/b/bauhaus",
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          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916044207/https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/b/bauhaus",
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      },
      {
        "id": "wikipedia-bauhaus",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Bauhaus",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauhaus",
        "claim": "该条目称包豪斯由 Walter Gropius 于 1919 年 4 月 1 日在魏玛创立，1933 年在纳粹政权压力下由校方自行关闭；其设计强调简单几何形状（如矩形、球体）而少用繁复装饰，并强调物件或建筑的功能与设计之间的和谐；基础课程中包含色彩理论；本词条关于几何图形、去装饰倾向与功能取向的描述据此转述。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-15",
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          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916044228/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauhaus",
          "timestamp": "20260916044228"
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      },
      {
        "id": "wikipedia-herbert-bayer",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Herbert Bayer",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Bayer",
        "claim": "该条目称包豪斯教师 Herbert Bayer 以简约风格为多数包豪斯出版物采用全小写、无衬线字体，并在 1925–1930 年间设计了一套几何化的无衬线“通用字体”方案，早期草图已显示出对几何形态的侧重；本词条关于无衬线、几何化字体这一签名特征据此转述。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-15",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Bayer",
          "status": "available",
          "checkedAt": "2026-09-16T04:50:22.909Z",
          "jobId": "spn2-28a1029ace4bcab15d13829751a244edf97bfb7c",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916045030/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Bayer",
          "timestamp": "20260916045030"
        }
      }
    ],
    "relations": [
      {
        "target": "swiss",
        "kind": "related",
        "condition": "同一项目中出现无衬线字体与几何化排版，需要判断这是包豪斯图形语言还是瑞士国际主义网格系统",
        "reason": "瑞士国际主义在历史上承接了包豪斯与新排版运动的部分实验成果，但发展成了更系统化的网格与克制配色体系；包豪斯图形语言仍保留几何原色色块与更自由的不对称构图，二者历史相关但不是同一风格。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "minimalism",
        "kind": "related",
        "condition": "用受限色彩与几何元素去除多余装饰",
        "reason": "两者都追求去除非必要装饰，但极简以减少元素数量为核心取向，包豪斯图形语言更强调用几何原色色块和实验性排版本身承担表达，元素数量未必最少。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "flat-design",
        "kind": "related",
        "condition": "界面同时采用纯色块与几何图标，不使用光影或纹理",
        "reason": "扁平化设计关心的是是否保留模拟三维的视觉线索，包豪斯图形语言关心的是几何原色与实验性排版本身；一个扁平界面可以借用包豪斯的几何词汇，也可以完全不借用。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "rules": [
      {
        "when": "借用包豪斯的几何色块与排版语言",
        "instruction": "保持清晰、功能优先的排版意图（可读的层级与对齐关系），而不是只挪用几何图形和原色色块的装饰效果。",
        "strength": "recommend",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "when": "在原色色块上放置文字或图标",
        "instruction": "必须按实际的前景/背景颜色组合验证文字对比度是否满足可读性要求，不能假定高纯度原色天然可读。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "visual": {
      "tokens": {
        "surface": "#f4efe0",
        "ink": "#1a1a1a",
        "accent": "#c8102e",
        "radiusPx": 0,
        "shadow": "none"
      },
      "tokenScope": "本样例配方：以奶白背景、近黑墨色和一个高纯度红色强调色示意包豪斯图形语言的原色与几何取向，并非历史标准色值；实际项目通常还需搭配黄、蓝等原色，并逐一验证对比度。"
    },
    "demo": null,
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "requirements": [],
    "demoCapabilities": [],
    "implementationNote": "本词条尚无可操作示例；插画为编辑示意。应用到产品时仍须验证：原色色块与文字、图标之间的对比度是否达标；几何装饰是否保留了清楚的排版层级，而不是纯装饰性的风格挪用。",
    "image": {
      "src": "/images/bauhaus.webp",
      "alt": "一张名为 FIELDNOTES 的虚构海报，由扁平的圆形、三角形与方形以红、蓝、黄原色排布，配合黑色无衬线字条与不对称网格构图，示意包豪斯视觉语言。"
    },
    "searchTerms": [
      "geometric shapes",
      "primary colors",
      "sans-serif type",
      "asymmetric composition",
      "functionalism"
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