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  "id": "mandala",
  "name": {
    "zh": "曼陀罗纹样",
    "en": "Mandala"
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      "entry.implementationNote",
      "entry.visual"
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    "scope": "定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "specimenData": "fictional",
    "specimenNote": "示例为原创虚构界面；定义附来源，用法与配方为编辑建议。",
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "mandala-wikipedia",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Mandala",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
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        "id": "mandala-tibetan-art",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_art",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Tibetan art",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
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  "entry": {
    "id": "mandala",
    "type": "visual",
    "name": {
      "zh": "曼陀罗纹样",
      "en": "Mandala"
    },
    "aliases": [
      "Mandala Pattern",
      "坛城纹样",
      "放射对称纹样"
    ],
    "granularity": "experience",
    "intents": [
      "express-brand",
      "organize-content"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "放射对称",
      "几何纹样",
      "同心圆",
      "装饰",
      "冥想"
    ],
    "definition": "以一个中心点向外放射、由同心的圆与方层层套叠、每一层内部左右对称重复的几何纹样；它源自印度宗教传统中的曼陀罗，在平面设计中被借用为一种高度对称、可无限细分的装饰结构。",
    "boundary": "本词条只讨论这种放射对称几何结构在平面与界面上的用法，不讨论曼陀罗作为宗教修行器物的含义、仪轨或正确制作方式。曼陀罗在印度教、佛教与耆那教中是有具体宗教功能的符号，把它当作纯粹装饰会冒犯这些传统；本词条不提供任何关于宗教用法的指引。判定标准是\"单中心放射 + 同心分层 + 层内对称重复\"这一结构，而不是\"看起来很繁复\"或\"是个圆形图案\"。与单纯的圆形徽章不同：徽章围绕中心排布元素但不要求逐层对称细分。",
    "signature": [
      "所有元素围绕唯一的中心点组织",
      "同心的圆环或方框把纹样分成若干层",
      "每一层内部按固定份数重复同一母题"
    ],
    "when": [
      "需要一个静态、对称、可无限细分的装饰性中心图形",
      "图形要在方形、圆形等多种画幅中保持同一构图",
      "内容本身与冥想、专注或循环这类主题相关"
    ],
    "when_not": [
      "把具有宗教功能的曼陀罗当作可随意改写的装饰素材",
      "图形需要承载信息层级——放射对称会让所有分支同等重要",
      "输出尺寸很小，细密的层次会糊成一团灰"
    ],
    "tradeoff": "放射对称能迅速建立秩序感与视觉中心，代价是它压平层级：所有分支同等重要，因此不适合用来表达谁先谁后。",
    "comparison": {
      "focus": "围绕单一中心建立对称的装饰秩序",
      "mechanism": "同心分层加层内定份数重复",
      "cost": "压平层级，且承载宗教含义需谨慎使用"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "mandala-wikipedia",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Mandala",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala",
        "claim": "该条目说明 mandala（梵文\"圆\"）是源自印度宗教的几何符号配置，在印度教、佛教与耆那教中用作神祇的图示、建立圣域与助益冥想，基本形式常为含中心点的圆嵌于带四门的方形，并具有放射对称；本词条的结构描述据此转述，装饰用法的建议属编辑意见。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala",
          "status": "unconfirmed",
          "checkedAt": "2026-09-16T13:02:48.392Z",
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      },
      {
        "id": "mandala-tibetan-art",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Tibetan art",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_art",
        "claim": "该条目记载沙坛城是用彩色沙粒按既定图样制作的几何图像，制作本身即宗教行为，其短暂性是教义的一部分，展示数日后会被扫去；本词条据此说明这类图样具有宗教功能，不应被当作可随意取用的装饰素材。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_art",
          "status": "unconfirmed",
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    "relations": [
      {
        "target": "art-nouveau",
        "kind": "related",
        "condition": "需要以有机或几何纹样构成整版装饰",
        "reason": "新艺术的纹样沿曲线蔓延、构图不对称，曼陀罗纹样围绕单一中心严格对称，两者都用装饰填充画面但组织逻辑相反。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "figure-ground",
        "kind": "composes_with",
        "condition": "纹样作为背景而其上需要放置文字或控件",
        "reason": "细密纹样会削弱图与底的分离，需要额外的底色或留白把前景抬出来。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "visual-interference",
        "kind": "conflicts_when",
        "condition": "高对比的放射纹样直接铺在可交互区域之下",
        "reason": "持续变化的高频纹理会掩盖控件边界，使操作目标难以辨认。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "rules": [
      {
        "when": "纹样取材自具体宗教传统中的曼陀罗",
        "instruction": "确认来源与使用许可，标明出处；不要改写带有宗教含义的构件来适配版面。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "when": "纹样用作界面背景",
        "instruction": "降低纹样的对比度或加一层不透明底，并在纹样最亮与最暗处分别验证前景文字的对比度。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "visual": {
      "tokens": {
        "surface": "#f6efe2",
        "ink": "#2c2a3a",
        "accent": "#9a5a3c",
        "radiusPx": 0,
        "shadow": "none"
      },
      "tokenScope": "本样例配方：暖米底色、深靛墨色与赭红强调色，仅示意一种取值，不是任何传统的规定色；实际项目需按语境重新取色，并单独验证纹样上的文字对比度。"
    },
    "demo": null,
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "requirements": [],
    "demoCapabilities": [],
    "implementationNote": "本词条尚无可操作示例；插画为编辑示意，其中的纹样是为说明结构而虚构的几何图形，不复制任何具体宗教曼陀罗。应用到产品前须确认素材来源与许可，并实测纹样上文字与控件的对比度。",
    "image": {
      "src": "/images/mandala.webp",
      "alt": "一张名为 FIELDNOTES 的虚构海报，中央是虚构的放射对称几何纹样：同心圆环层层套叠，每层以固定份数重复同一母题，四周留出米色空白排列灰色占位文本条。"
    },
    "searchTerms": [
      "radial symmetry",
      "geometric pattern",
      "concentric rings",
      "ornament",
      "meditation"
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