{ "_description": "本文件由 data/ 生成：请改动来源文件，不要改这里。各字段的证据边界见接入指南。", "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "kind": "entry", "locale": "zh-CN", "id": "masking", "name": { "zh": "蒙版", "en": "Masking" }, "page": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/masking/", "self": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/masking.json", "alternates": { "zh-CN": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/masking.json", "en": "https://designvocabulary.com/en/entries/masking.json" }, "site": { "catalogSchemaVersion": "0.1.0", "entries": 137, "index": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/index.json", "query": "https://designvocabulary.com/api/query?lang=zh", "guide": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/agents/", "llms": "https://designvocabulary.com/llms.txt" }, "provenance": { "sourceBacked": [ "entry.definition" ], "editorial": [ "entry.boundary", "entry.signature", "entry.when", "entry.when_not", "entry.tradeoff", "entry.comparison", "entry.rules", "entry.relations", "entry.implementationNote", "entry.behavior" ], "scope": "定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。", "editorialStatus": "drafted", "specimenData": "fictional", "specimenNote": "示例为原创虚构界面；定义附来源，用法与配方为编辑建议。", "sources": [ { "id": "masking-w3c-css", "url": "https://www.w3.org/TR/css-masking-1/", "title": "W3C · CSS Masking Module Level 1", "checkedAt": "2026-09-16", "archive": { "status": "pending", "confirmed": false, "url": null, "capturedAt": null, "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://www.w3.org/TR/css-masking-1/" } }, { "id": "masking-wikipedia-layers", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layers_(digital_image_editing)", "title": "Wikipedia · Layers (digital image editing)", "checkedAt": "2026-09-16", "archive": { "status": "available", "confirmed": true, "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260922115601/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layers_(digital_image_editing)", "capturedAt": "2026-09-22T11:56:01Z", "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layers_(digital_image_editing)" } } ], "lists": [], "ordered": false, "listDisclaimer": "席位号是编辑位置，不是评分、排名或人气统计；清单未收满时保持原样，不补足。" }, "entry": { "id": "masking", "type": "interaction", "name": { "zh": "蒙版", "en": "Masking" }, "aliases": [ "Mask", "Layer Mask", "遮罩", "图层蒙版" ], "granularity": "component", "intents": [ "manipulate-object", "organize-content" ], "tags": [ "图层", "遮罩", "非破坏性编辑", "透明度", "裁切" ], "definition": "用另一个形状、渐变或灰度图像控制某一图层的可见范围：被遮住的部分不再显示，但原始像素仍然保留，随时可以改回来。", "boundary": "蒙版的判定标准是\"隐藏而不删除\"。直接裁剪或擦除像素不是蒙版，因为原始数据已经丢失；单纯把图层不透明度调低也不是蒙版，因为那是整体均匀的变化，而蒙版按位置逐点决定可见程度。本词条讨论的是编辑与创作工具中的这一操作及其界面，不讨论具体软件的菜单位置，也不讨论用蒙版一词指代的其他含义（如心理学上的掩蔽效应或隐私打码流程）。", "signature": [ "被遮挡的内容仍然存在，可以随时恢复", "遮挡程度按位置变化，可以是硬边界也可以是渐变", "蒙版与被遮挡的图层各自独立，可以分别调整" ], "when": [ "需要反复试验构图或裁切范围而不想丢失原始素材", "两个图层之间需要柔和过渡而不是硬边拼接", "同一素材要在多个尺寸或版式中露出不同部分" ], "when_not": [ "用蒙版遮盖敏感信息后仍然导出可还原的源文件", "最终输出格式不支持蒙版，交付时才发现遮挡失效", "蒙版层层嵌套到没人能看懂哪一层决定了最终结果" ], "tradeoff": "不破坏原始数据让修改随时可逆，代价是文件结构变复杂：最终画面由多层叠加计算出来，越晚接手的人越难判断某个效果来自哪一层。", "comparison": { "focus": "在不删除原始数据的前提下控制可见范围", "mechanism": "用另一图形或灰度图逐点决定遮挡程度", "cost": "文件结构变复杂，结果来自多层叠加" }, "sources": [ { "id": "masking-w3c-css", "title": "W3C · CSS Masking Module Level 1", "url": "https://www.w3.org/TR/css-masking-1/", "claim": "该规范说明 CSS Masking 提供两种部分或完全隐藏视觉元素的手段：masking 与 clipping；masking 指用另一个图形元素或图像作为亮度或 alpha 蒙版，在合成前影响元素缓冲区的透明度，clipping 则定义可见区域、区域之外不被渲染。本词条据此区分\"逐点控制可见程度\"与\"直接裁切\"。", "checkedAt": "2026-09-16", "archive": { "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://www.w3.org/TR/css-masking-1/", "status": "pending", "checkedAt": "2026-09-16T17:36:16.101Z", "error": "status-request-failed", "jobId": "spn2-f53ed63ea0324291134f1a14dc7f6316583c0796" } }, { "id": "masking-wikipedia-layers", "title": "Wikipedia · Layers (digital image editing)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layers_(digital_image_editing)", "claim": "该条目说明数字图像常由多个图层构成，每层承担不同功能，图层相当于一张可以叠放在图像上下的透明片；本词条据此说明蒙版所依赖的图层模型，其中关于可逆性与文件复杂度的取舍属编辑意见。", "checkedAt": "2026-09-16", "archive": { "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layers_(digital_image_editing)", "status": "available", "checkedAt": "2026-09-22T11:55:37.204Z", "jobId": "spn2-9b8cc489c642536ae0134378626f20da8f037592", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260922115601/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layers_(digital_image_editing)", "timestamp": "20260922115601" } } ], "relations": [ { "target": "undo-redo", "kind": "related", "condition": "用户需要回到某次遮挡之前的状态", "reason": "撤销沿时间线回退操作，蒙版让结果在空间上始终可改；两者都提供可逆性，但一个按步骤、一个按图层。", "basis": "editorial" }, { "target": "direct-manipulation", "kind": "composes_with", "condition": "用户直接拖动蒙版的边界或控制点来调整遮挡范围", "reason": "蒙版的编辑通常就是在画布上直接操作形状，所见即所得地看到遮挡结果。", "basis": "editorial" }, { "target": "source-inspection", "kind": "composes_with", "condition": "最终画面由多层蒙版叠加而成，需要判断某个效果来自哪一层", "reason": "可逆编辑把结果与来源分离，因此需要能回看每一层的构成，而不是只看最终画面。", "basis": "editorial" } ], "rules": [ { "when": "用蒙版遮盖个人信息、密钥或其他敏感内容", "instruction": "导出前把遮挡真正合并或删除原始像素；不要交付仍可还原的源文件。", "strength": "must", "basis": "editorial" }, { "when": "蒙版被用于需要交接给他人的文件", "instruction": "给蒙版与其所属图层命名，说明它遮挡的是什么，避免接手者靠逐层试关来理解结构。", "strength": "recommend", "basis": "editorial" } ], "behavior": { "states": [ "unmasked", "masked", "editing" ], "a11y": [ "蒙版的编辑控件可键盘操作，控制点有可访问的名称", "图层与蒙版的启用状态可被读屏识别，不只靠图标区分" ], "motion": "遮挡结果即时更新，无需过渡动画" }, "demo": null, "version": "0.1.0", "editorialStatus": "drafted", "requirements": [], "demoCapabilities": [], "implementationNote": "本词条尚无可操作示例；插画为编辑示意，展示蒙版与图层的关系，不代表已验证的实现。用于遮盖敏感信息时，务必在导出前确认原始像素已被真正移除。", "image": { "src": "/images/masking.webp", "alt": "一张名为 FIELDNOTES 的虚构编辑器示意：左侧图层面板列出一个图层与它旁边的黑白蒙版缩略图，右侧画布上同一张图形的一部分被柔和渐变遮住，被遮住的轮廓以虚线示意仍然存在。" }, "searchTerms": [ "layer", "mask", "non-destructive", "transparency", "clipping" ] } }