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    "scope": "定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。",
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  "entry": {
    "id": "source-inspection",
    "type": "interaction",
    "name": {
      "zh": "来源核查",
      "en": "Source Inspection"
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    "aliases": [
      "来源核实",
      "查看引用来源",
      "Citation Inspection"
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      "引用",
      "来源",
      "核查",
      "证据",
      "侧栏"
    ],
    "definition": "检查生成内容中某条具体论断所依据的来源：打开被引用的来源，在原文上下文中看到支持该论断的段落，并判断这段引文是否真的支持这条论断。",
    "boundary": "来源核查是渐进披露在核实场景下的一个更具体的用途：渐进披露解决要不要展开更多内容，来源核查解决展开后看到的段落能否支撑某条具体论断；悬浮卡片、侧栏面板都只是它的呈现变体，不是各自独立的词条。它也不同于可解释性——可解释性回答系统为什么给出这个结果，依据了哪些输入、走了哪条推理路径；来源核查关心的是被引用的外部来源本身是否存在、内容是否与被引用的段落一致。系统可以给出解释而没有可核查的来源，也可以摆出引用样式的标记却从未真正核对过引用是否支持论断——后者不能算作完成了来源核查。",
    "signature": [
      "论断旁有可见的引用标记，指向具体来源而不是笼统的参考区",
      "打开来源后能在原文中看到被引用的段落本身，而不只是标题和链接",
      "呈现出的段落让用户能够自行判断它是否真的支持这条论断"
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    "when": [
      "生成内容中的某条具体论断附有可核实的来源，且来源能在一步之内打开",
      "用户要为随后的决策负责，需要自己判断证据是否可靠，而不是全盘接受系统给出的结论"
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      "引用只指向来源的首页或搜索结果页，找不到被引用的具体段落",
      "系统展示了引用样式的标记，却从未真正核对过引用内容是否支持这条论断",
      "论断没有可核查的外部来源，例如纯粹由系统内部计算得出的结果"
    ],
    "tradeoff": "让用户能够核实论断的证据基础，代价是要维护定位到具体段落的可靠链接，并且核查本身会占用用户的注意力和时间。",
    "comparison": {
      "focus": "论断与其引用来源之间能否被用户当场核实",
      "mechanism": "把引用做成一步可达的入口，并在来源内部定位到被引用的段落",
      "cost": "维护定位链接的可靠性，以及核查本身占用的用户注意力"
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      {
        "id": "arxiv-source-presentation",
        "title": "arXiv · Source Presentation in Conversational Interfaces (preprint)",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14611",
        "claim": "这篇2026年1月的预印本比较了四种呈现来源的界面设计，发现界面设计从根本上改变用户核查证据的方式：悬浮卡片支持流畅、不打断当前工作的即时核实，而侧栏布局在引用数量较多时更能帮助用户保持批判性思考；该研究为预印本，尚未经同行评审。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-15",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14611",
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        "id": "hax-guidelines",
        "title": "Microsoft Research · Guidelines for Human-AI Interaction",
        "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/?p=564561",
        "claim": "该页面给出的18条人机交互准则中，第11条建议让用户能够获取系统为何如此行为的解释，第9条建议在系统出错时便于用户编辑、修正或恢复；这两条是泛用的人机交互准则，为核查证据、进而修正判断提供了一般性依据，但并非专门针对来源核查这一具体交互设计。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-15",
        "archive": {
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          "timestamp": "20260916054428"
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    "relations": [
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        "target": "progressive-disclosure",
        "kind": "related",
        "condition": "只是要不要展开更多内容，而不涉及具体论断能否被验证",
        "reason": "渐进披露解决初始界面之外还有什么可看，来源核查的目标更具体：判断展开后看到的段落能否支撑某条论断。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "trust-calibration",
        "kind": "composes_with",
        "condition": "用户需要决定在多大程度上依赖系统给出的结论",
        "reason": "让用户看到并判断证据本身，是校准信任、避免过度依赖的具体手段之一。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "supporting-pane",
        "kind": "realized_by",
        "condition": "把来源的原文节选放在主内容旁边的面板中",
        "reason": "辅助面板布局是承载来源核查内容的一种常见容器，但面板本身不等于核查这一交互概念。",
        "basis": "editorial"
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    "rules": [
      {
        "when": "在论断旁展示引用标记",
        "instruction": "确保标记在一步之内可达具体的来源位置，而不是来源首页或搜索结果页。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "when": "打开来源之后",
        "instruction": "在原文中呈现被引用的段落及其上下文，让用户能看到足够的原文措辞来判断是否支持该论断，而不只是标题和链接。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
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      {
        "when": "系统本身并未实际核对过引用内容与论断是否一致",
        "instruction": "不要用引用样式的标记暗示系统已完成核实；只呈现为供用户自行核查的链接。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
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      "states": [
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        "loading",
        "open"
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      "a11y": [
        "引用标记可通过键盘聚焦和激活，并声明激活后会打开来源",
        "打开后焦点进入来源视图，视图有可访问的标题说明这是引用来源",
        "被引用的段落除了颜色高亮外还有文字或结构上的标示，不单纯依赖颜色"
      ],
      "motion": "打开来源视图不依赖动画；减弱动态偏好下直接显示"
    },
    "demo": null,
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "requirements": [],
    "demoCapabilities": [],
    "implementationNote": "本词条尚无可操作示例；插画为编辑示意。应用到产品时仍须验证：引用是否真的一步可达具体段落而非来源首页、系统是否从未在没有实际核对的情况下暗示已完成验证，以及来源视图对辅助技术是否可达。",
    "image": {
      "src": "/images/source-inspection.webp",
      "alt": "虚构的 FIELDNOTES 问答卡片：一句话旁带有一个小小的引用标记，右侧展开的面板中是一段文档节选，被引用的段落经过高亮，一条淡淡的连线把标记与高亮段落连在一起。"
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      "evidence",
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