{ "_description": "本文件由 data/ 生成：请改动来源文件，不要改这里。各字段的证据边界见接入指南。", "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "kind": "entry", "locale": "zh-CN", "id": "status-message", "name": { "zh": "状态消息", "en": "Status Message" }, "page": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/status-message/", "self": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/status-message.json", "alternates": { "zh-CN": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/status-message.json", "en": "https://designvocabulary.com/en/entries/status-message.json" }, "site": { "catalogSchemaVersion": "0.1.0", "entries": 158, "index": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/index.json", "query": "https://designvocabulary.com/api/query?lang=zh", "guide": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/agents/", "llms": "https://designvocabulary.com/llms.txt" }, "provenance": { "sourceBacked": [ "entry.definition" ], "editorial": [ "entry.boundary", "entry.signature", "entry.when", "entry.when_not", "entry.tradeoff", "entry.comparison", "entry.rules", "entry.relations", "entry.implementationNote", "entry.behavior" ], "scope": "定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。", "editorialStatus": "drafted", "specimenData": "fictional", "specimenNote": "示例为原创虚构界面；定义附来源，用法与配方为编辑建议。", "sources": [ { "id": "wcag22-status-messages", "url": "https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/status-messages.html", "title": "W3C · Understanding SC 4.1.3 Status Messages (WCAG 2.2)", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "status": "available", "confirmed": true, "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260921053839/https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/status-messages.html", "capturedAt": "2026-09-21T05:38:39Z", "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/status-messages.html" } }, { "id": "apg-alert", "url": "https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/alert/", "title": "W3C · ARIA Authoring Practices Guide · Alert Pattern", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "status": "available", "confirmed": true, "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915183742/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/alert/", "capturedAt": "2026-09-15T18:37:42Z", "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/alert/" } }, { "id": "nng-indicators-validations-notifications", "url": "https://www.nngroup.com/articles/indicators-validations-notifications/", "title": "NN/g · Indicators, Validations, and Notifications", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "status": "available", "confirmed": true, "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915183744/https://www.nngroup.com/articles/indicators-validations-notifications/", "capturedAt": "2026-09-15T18:37:44Z", "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.nngroup.com/articles/indicators-validations-notifications/" } } ], "lists": [ { "id": "M-C", "edition": "classic", "seat": 7, "origin": "issue-1-ledger", "page": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/lists/M-C/", "json": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/lists/M-C.json" }, { "id": "M-Y", "edition": "2026-focus", "seat": 7, "origin": "issue-1-ledger", "page": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/lists/M-Y/", "json": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/lists/M-Y.json" } ], "ordered": false, "listDisclaimer": "席位号是编辑位置，不是评分、排名或人气统计；清单未收满时保持原样，不补足。" }, "entry": { "id": "status-message", "type": "micro", "name": { "zh": "状态消息", "en": "Status Message" }, "aliases": [ "Toast", "Snackbar", "轻提示" ], "granularity": "state", "intents": [ "inform", "reduce-interruption" ], "tags": [ "反馈", "操作结果", "非阻断", "通知", "toast" ], "definition": "在不改变用户上下文的前提下，简短报告一次操作的结果、等待状态或错误存在的内容变化；它可由辅助技术在不获得焦点的情况下播报。", "boundary": "状态消息只报告结果或状态，不承载连续量化的进度（那是确定进度条），也不阻断当前任务要求回应（那是模态对话框）。Toast 与 Snackbar 是它的呈现变体，不是独立概念。", "signature": [ "紧随操作出现，简短并指向具体对象", "不遮挡、不夺取焦点，主内容保持可用", "带有成功、错误或提示的明确语义" ], "when": [ "操作已完成或失败，用户需要一句确认", "反馈不需要用户立即回应或决定", "同一页面内容更新，但不应打断当前任务" ], "when_not": [ "错误必须处理后才能继续，且消息会自动消失", "需要报告可量化的持续进度", "需要用户做出不可撤销的决定" ], "tradeoff": "非阻断的反馈保持了任务流畅，但短暂显示的消息容易被错过，且频繁播报会让读屏用户感到嘈杂。", "comparison": { "focus": "告诉用户刚才的操作结果如何", "mechanism": "实时区域内的短暂内容变化", "cost": "易被错过，需要持久化与频率控制" }, "sources": [ { "id": "wcag22-status-messages", "title": "W3C · Understanding SC 4.1.3 Status Messages (WCAG 2.2)", "url": "https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/status-messages.html", "claim": "AA 级准则要求状态消息可通过角色或属性被程序化确定，使辅助技术在不获得焦点的情况下呈现；状态消息定义为报告操作成功或结果、等待状态、进度或错误存在的非上下文改变。", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/status-messages.html", "status": "available", "checkedAt": "2026-09-22T14:39:07.505Z", "jobId": "spn2-2f1c0e8f56c74acc0181032b2c86b53260ff4025", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260921053839/https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/status-messages.html", "timestamp": "20260921053839" } }, { "id": "apg-alert", "title": "W3C · ARIA Authoring Practices Guide · Alert Pattern", "url": "https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/alert/", "claim": "警报以不打断任务的方式显示简短重要消息，不得影响键盘焦点；应避免自动消失的警报和过于频繁的打断。", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/alert/", "status": "available", "checkedAt": "2026-09-22T14:39:08.986Z", "jobId": "spn2-b5545afc78a86863c008b6e5d498847f905a438a", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915183742/https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/alert/", "timestamp": "20260915183742" } }, { "id": "nng-indicators-validations-notifications", "title": "NN/g · Indicators, Validations, and Notifications", "url": "https://www.nngroup.com/articles/indicators-validations-notifications/", "claim": "区分需要用户行动的消息与被动消息：前者应打断并要求处理后才能关闭，后者宜用不显眼的非模态弹出并可自动消失。", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.nngroup.com/articles/indicators-validations-notifications/", "status": "available", "checkedAt": "2026-09-22T14:39:11.765Z", "jobId": "spn2-271c1c4765ed6d069b4967ea3c07dd0586e6ede2", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915183744/https://www.nngroup.com/articles/indicators-validations-notifications/", "timestamp": "20260915183744" } } ], "relations": [ { "target": "determinate-progress", "kind": "related", "condition": "任务有开始、进行与结束", "reason": "进度条表达过程中的完成量，状态消息报告终态结果。", "basis": "editorial" }, { "target": "modal-dialog", "kind": "alternative", "condition": "反馈是否需要用户先回应", "reason": "无需回应时用非阻断的状态消息；必须决定或确认时才升级为模态对话框。", "basis": "editorial" }, { "target": "calm-technology", "kind": "realized_by", "condition": "反馈保持简短且不夺取注意力", "reason": "状态消息把信息放在注意力边缘，是平静技术在微交互层面的一种落地。", "basis": "editorial" } ], "rules": [ { "when": "状态消息以标记语言实现", "instruction": "通过 role=status、role=alert 或 aria-live 等实时区域让辅助技术播报，不得移动焦点。", "strength": "must", "basis": "editorial" }, { "when": "错误需要用户处理后才能继续", "instruction": "消息必须持续显示直至被处理，不能自动消失。", "strength": "must", "basis": "editorial" }, { "when": "撰写消息文案", "instruction": "点明具体操作与对象，避免笼统的“操作成功”或“出错了”。", "strength": "recommend", "basis": "editorial" } ], "requirements": [], "behavior": { "states": [ "hidden", "success", "info", "error" ], "a11y": [ "使用实时区域播报，不移动焦点", "一般状态用 status，需要立即注意的错误用 alert，避免过于嘈杂" ], "motion": "滑入可简化为淡入；启用减少动态效果时直接出现" }, "demo": null, "version": "0.1.0", "editorialStatus": "drafted", "demoCapabilities": [], "implementationNote": "尚无可操作样本；插图为编辑示意。产品中仍需验证读屏是否实际播报、消息驻留时长、动作按钮的键盘可达性，以及减少动态效果下的表现。", "image": { "src": "/images/status-message.webp", "alt": "虚构的 FIELDNOTES 页面底部滑出一条深色小条：左侧是绿色对勾图标，中间一段短文字条，右侧一个小按钮，上方的卡片网格保持原样未被遮挡。" }, "searchTerms": [ "feedback", "action outcome", "non-blocking", "notification", "toast" ] } }