{ "_description": "本文件由 data/ 生成：请改动来源文件，不要改这里。各字段的证据边界见接入指南。", "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "kind": "entry", "locale": "zh-CN", "id": "value-sensitive-design", "name": { "zh": "价值敏感设计", "en": "Value Sensitive Design" }, "page": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/value-sensitive-design/", "self": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/value-sensitive-design.json", "alternates": { "zh-CN": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/value-sensitive-design.json", "en": "https://designvocabulary.com/en/entries/value-sensitive-design.json" }, "site": { "catalogSchemaVersion": "0.1.0", "entries": 158, "index": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/index.json", "query": "https://designvocabulary.com/api/query?lang=zh", "guide": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/agents/", "llms": "https://designvocabulary.com/llms.txt" }, "provenance": { "sourceBacked": [ "entry.definition" ], "editorial": [ "entry.boundary", "entry.signature", "entry.when", "entry.when_not", "entry.tradeoff", 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"多个利益相关方群体对同一价值（如隐私与效率）持有不同甚至冲突的期待", "设计仍处于概念阶段，方案的技术形态还可以因价值分析而调整" ], "when_not": [ "把项目收尾时的一次性伦理审查当作价值敏感设计的全部方法", "只清点产品的付费用户或活跃用户，不追问技术对间接受影响者的后果", "用某一位利益相关方或某一次访谈得到的偏好，宣布价值冲突已经解决" ], "tradeoff": "识别间接利益相关方并展开概念、经验、技术三类调查会显著增加分析与协调成本，而且不同利益相关方对同一价值的排序往往无法靠一次调查一劳永逸地统一。", "comparison": { "focus": "谁的价值受到影响、如何在直接与间接利益相关方之间被支持或损害", "mechanism": "概念、经验、技术三类调查反复迭代", "cost": "需要持续追踪间接受影响者，分析成本高于单纯的可用性测试" }, "sources": [ { "id": "vsd-uw-tr-theory-methods", "title": "Friedman, Kahn & Borning · Value Sensitive Design: Theory and Methods (UW CSE TR 02-12-01)", "url": "https://dada.cs.washington.edu/research/tr/2002/12/UW-CSE-02-12-01.pdf", "claim": "定义价值敏感设计为贯穿设计过程、系统考虑人类价值的方法，说明概念、经验、技术三类调查的一体化迭代方法论，并把利益相关方分为直接与间接两类，指出间接利益相关方在设计过程中常被忽视。", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://dada.cs.washington.edu/research/tr/2002/12/UW-CSE-02-12-01.pdf", "status": "available", "checkedAt": "2026-09-16T05:55:34.505Z", "jobId": 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Imagination》(MIT Press, 2019) 作为该方法论的权威说明来源，并给出 Friedman 1996、2004 年的早期奠基文献。", "checkedAt": "2026-09-15", "archive": { "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://vsdesign.org/publications/", "status": "available", "checkedAt": "2026-09-23T12:02:58.747Z", "jobId": "spn2-8686e301e539e92ffd93ee14e70d5ec532c54150", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916055612/https://vsdesign.org/publications/", "timestamp": "20260916055612" } } ], "relations": [ { "target": "human-centered-design", "kind": "related", "condition": "分析价值与利益相关方对象时", "reason": "以人为中心的设计聚焦对使用者的直接观察与迭代评估，价值敏感设计的落脚点更广，还包含从不使用产品的间接利益相关方及其持有的价值。", "basis": "editorial" }, { "target": "privacy-by-design", "kind": "realized_by", "condition": "概念调查识别出隐私是这次决策的关键价值之一", "reason": "隐私由设计默认实现的具体规则，是价值敏感设计在技术调查阶段落地某一项已识别价值的常见方式。", "basis": "editorial" }, { "target": "trust-calibration", "kind": "informs", "condition": "确定不同利益相关方需要感知到系统的哪些能力边界", "reason": "先弄清谁的价值受影响、误判会让谁承担后果，能为该向哪些利益相关方展示何种置信信号提供依据。", "basis": "editorial" } ], "rules": [ { "when": "选择技术方案或功能之前", "instruction": "先说明这次决策涉及哪些人类价值，以及这些价值对谁而言重要，再讨论解决方案。", "strength": "must", "basis": "editorial" }, { "when": "列出会被系统影响的人群时", "instruction": "必须包含从不直接使用系统却受影响的间接利益相关方，而不仅是付费或活跃用户。", "strength": "must", "basis": "editorial" }, { "when": "某个利益相关方群体已经表达了明确偏好", "instruction": "不要仅凭这一方的偏好宣布价值冲突已经解决，应继续核对其他利益相关方受到的影响。", "strength": "recommend", "basis": "editorial" } ], "philosophy": { "values": [ "系统识别人类价值", "兼顾直接与间接利益相关方", "概念、经验、技术三类调查反复迭代" ], "tension": "直接利益相关方的即时诉求与间接利益相关方分散、不易发声的价值之间的张力", "questions": [ "这项决策涉及谁的价值？这些价值对谁而言最重要？", "有没有从不使用这个产品、却会被它影响的人？" ] }, "demo": null, "version": "0.1.0", "editorialStatus": "drafted", "requirements": [], "demoCapabilities": [], "implementationNote": "尚无可操作样例；插图为编辑示意。应用到产品时仍须核实：是否真正列出并触达了间接利益相关方、概念/经验/技术三类调查是否都做过而不是只做了其中一种、以及价值冲突的裁决记录是否可追溯。", "image": { "src": "/images/value-sensitive-design.webp", "alt": "一个居中的物体被几种不同形状的人物图形围绕，远近不一，部分伸手触碰，另一些距离较远仍以细线相连，象征直接与间接利益相关方与一次共同决策的联系。" }, "searchTerms": [ 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