{
  "_description": "本文件由 data/ 生成：请改动来源文件，不要改这里。各字段的证据边界见接入指南。",
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  "kind": "entry",
  "locale": "zh-CN",
  "id": "wayfinding",
  "name": {
    "zh": "寻路",
    "en": "Wayfinding"
  },
  "page": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/wayfinding/",
  "self": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/wayfinding.json",
  "alternates": {
    "zh-CN": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/wayfinding.json",
    "en": "https://designvocabulary.com/en/entries/wayfinding.json"
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    "catalogSchemaVersion": "0.1.0",
    "entries": 137,
    "index": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/entries/index.json",
    "query": "https://designvocabulary.com/api/query?lang=zh",
    "guide": "https://designvocabulary.com/zh/agents/",
    "llms": "https://designvocabulary.com/llms.txt"
  },
  "provenance": {
    "sourceBacked": [
      "entry.definition"
    ],
    "editorial": [
      "entry.boundary",
      "entry.signature",
      "entry.when",
      "entry.when_not",
      "entry.tradeoff",
      "entry.comparison",
      "entry.rules",
      "entry.relations",
      "entry.implementationNote",
      "entry.principle"
    ],
    "scope": "定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "specimenData": "fictional",
    "specimenNote": "示例为原创虚构界面；定义附来源，用法与配方为编辑建议。",
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "wayfinding-wikipedia",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayfinding",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Wayfinding",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "status": "pending",
          "confirmed": false,
          "url": null,
          "capturedAt": null,
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayfinding"
        }
      }
    ],
    "lists": [],
    "ordered": false,
    "listDisclaimer": "席位号是编辑位置，不是评分、排名或人气统计；清单未收满时保持原样，不补足。"
  },
  "entry": {
    "id": "wayfinding",
    "type": "principle",
    "name": {
      "zh": "寻路",
      "en": "Wayfinding"
    },
    "aliases": [
      "Way-finding",
      "Orientation",
      "导向",
      "方位识别"
    ],
    "granularity": "experience",
    "intents": [
      "navigate-sections",
      "find-option"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "定位",
      "导航",
      "路径",
      "标识",
      "返回"
    ],
    "definition": "人在空间中确定自己所在位置、判断能去哪里、以及找到回头路的过程。界面把它借用过来：任一屏上都应能回答\"我在哪、我能去哪、我怎么回去\"这三个问题。",
    "boundary": "寻路关心的是定位与取向，不是导航控件本身：面包屑、侧边栏与标签栏是实现手段，寻路是它们要达成的状态。它也不等于信息架构——架构决定内容之间的结构关系，寻路决定用户此刻能否把自己放进这个结构里。本词条把物理空间的概念转用到界面上；这一转用在设计文献中长期通行，但它是类比而非等同：界面没有连续的空间，用户可以被链接直接投放到任意一屏，因此\"回去\"往往比在物理空间中更难。",
    "signature": [
      "任一屏都标明当前位置，而不只显示内容",
      "可去的方向被明确列出，而不是靠猜测",
      "总有一条可预期的回头路，且不依赖浏览器后退"
    ],
    "when": [
      "内容层级较深，用户容易在中途失去方位",
      "用户可能从搜索结果或外部链接直接进入任意一屏",
      "同一产品中存在多条并行路径，需要区分自己走在哪一条上"
    ],
    "when_not": [
      "流程只有一两步且线性，额外的定位信息只是噪声",
      "用面包屑冒充层级，路径与用户真实的来处并不一致",
      "把\"回去\"设计成只能依赖浏览器后退或系统手势"
    ],
    "tradeoff": "持续显示位置与方向让人不会走丢，代价是这些信息本身要占据版面并随内容同步维护：层级一旦调整而定位信息没跟上，它给出的就是错误的方位。",
    "comparison": {
      "focus": "让人随时知道自己在哪、能去哪、怎么回去",
      "mechanism": "在每一屏持续给出位置、可去方向与回头路",
      "cost": "占用版面，且必须随结构调整同步维护"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "wayfinding-wikipedia",
        "title": "Wikipedia · Wayfinding",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayfinding",
        "claim": "该条目说明寻路涵盖人（与动物）在物理空间中确定方位并从一处导航到另一处的各种方式，并记载 Kevin A. Lynch 在 1960 年的《城市意象》中最早使用这一术语，把它定义为\"对来自外部环境的确定感官线索的一贯使用与组织\"，其后环境心理学家 Romedi Passini 于 1984 年把该概念扩展到标识与其他图形传达手段。本词条的定义与脉络据此转述，转用到界面属编辑判断。",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-16",
        "archive": {
          "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260916*/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayfinding",
          "status": "pending",
          "checkedAt": "2026-09-16T17:38:41.759Z",
          "error": "status-request-failed",
          "jobId": "spn2-a12962b9dcc8651d51ec3c35a771b571eff015b0"
        }
      }
    ],
    "relations": [
      {
        "target": "hierarchical-navigation",
        "kind": "realized_by",
        "condition": "内容本身有明确的层级结构",
        "reason": "层级导航把\"我在哪、我能去哪\"具体化为可见的路径与分支，是寻路最常见的实现方式之一。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "visibility-of-system-status",
        "kind": "composes_with",
        "condition": "用户需要知道系统当前处在什么状态与位置",
        "reason": "位置是状态的一种；寻路把\"在整体结构中的位置\"这一维度补齐。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "hub-and-spoke",
        "kind": "composes_with",
        "condition": "产品由一个中心向多个独立任务分发",
        "reason": "中心辐射式结构天然提供一条稳定的回头路——回到中心，这正是寻路要求的第三个答案。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "target": "obstruction",
        "kind": "conflicts_when",
        "condition": "产品刻意让返回或退出的路径难以找到",
        "reason": "\"怎么回去\"是寻路的组成部分；把它藏起来不是布局问题，而是在退出路径上人为设障。",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "rules": [
      {
        "when": "用户可能从外部链接直接进入深层页面",
        "instruction": "在该页自身提供通往上级与同级的路径，不要假设用户是一路点进来的。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      },
      {
        "when": "内容层级发生调整",
        "instruction": "同步更新面包屑与位置标记，使它们反映真实结构而不是历史结构。",
        "strength": "must",
        "basis": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "principle": {
      "evidenceType": "源自环境心理学与城市设计的概念（Lynch 1960、Passini 1984），转用到界面是设计实践中的类比",
      "limit": "本词条不提供任何关于用户迷失率的测量数据，也不规定应使用哪种导航控件；它只说明任一屏应当能回答的三个问题。"
    },
    "demo": null,
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "editorialStatus": "drafted",
    "requirements": [],
    "demoCapabilities": [],
    "implementationNote": "本词条尚无可操作示例；插画为编辑示意，展示位置标记、可去方向与回头路三者的关系，不代表已验证的实现。应用到产品前仍须从外部链接直接进入深层页面，检查这三个答案是否都在。",
    "image": {
      "src": "/images/wayfinding.webp",
      "alt": "一张名为 FIELDNOTES 的虚构界面示意：顶部一条面包屑标出当前位置，当前一级被加深；左侧列出同级的几个分支；左上角是一个明确的返回上一级控件，三处分别用细线连到画面中央的内容区。"
    },
    "searchTerms": [
      "orientation",
      "navigation",
      "route",
      "signage",
      "going back"
    ]
  }
}