VOCABULARY / 词条

识别优于回忆

Recognition Rather Than Recall

加入比较＋

原则与认知机制粒度：流程recognition · v0.1.0

让对象、动作和选项可见，减少用户从记忆中提取操作信息的需要。

可操作示例 · 虚构产品 FIELDNOTES

为手记选择分类

分类

识别特征

明确的选项名称
与任务相邻的提示
不要求记住内部代码

概念边界

不是把所有选项一次性堆满屏幕；可见性仍需要适当的分组、搜索或按需展开。

什么时候考虑它

用户不熟悉命令、分类代码或操作名称
任务跨步骤且容易遗忘之前的信息

什么时候慎用

把大量低相关选项同时显示，制造查找负担
认为熟练用户永远不需要快捷命令

取舍

减少记忆依赖，但会占用显示空间并增加扫描成本。

条件规则 · 编辑建议

当用户需要选择分类建议展示人类可读的选项，避免只要求输入内部代码。

来源与支持范围

NN/g · Memory Recognition and Recall ↗

识别借助线索，回忆需要从记忆提取；界面可通过可见信息降低记忆负担。

检索日期：2026-09-15

定义参考以上来源；数字界面示例、选择建议、条件关系及配方由本样例编辑，尚未经用户研究验证。

类型扩展与实现说明

能力标签只描述本演示；应用到产品时仍须重新验证。

{
  "evidenceType": "可用性启发式与记忆机制解释",
  "limit": "不保证任何选择列表都比文字输入更快。"
}

完整 Agent 条目 JSON

{
  "id": "recognition",
  "type": "principle",
  "name": {
    "zh": "识别优于回忆",
    "en": "Recognition Rather Than Recall"
  },
  "aliases": [
    "Recognition over Recall",
    "识别而非记忆",
    "减少记忆负担"
  ],
  "granularity": "flow",
  "intents": [
    "find-option",
    "reduce-complexity"
  ],
  "tags": [
    "记忆",
    "可见选项",
    "新手",
    "查找",
    "提示"
  ],
  "definition": "让对象、动作和选项可见，减少用户从记忆中提取操作信息的需要。",
  "boundary": "不是把所有选项一次性堆满屏幕；可见性仍需要适当的分组、搜索或按需展开。",
  "signature": [
    "明确的选项名称",
    "与任务相邻的提示",
    "不要求记住内部代码"
  ],
  "when": [
    "用户不熟悉命令、分类代码或操作名称",
    "任务跨步骤且容易遗忘之前的信息"
  ],
  "when_not": [
    "把大量低相关选项同时显示，制造查找负担",
    "认为熟练用户永远不需要快捷命令"
  ],
  "tradeoff": "减少记忆依赖，但会占用显示空间并增加扫描成本。",
  "comparison": {
    "focus": "用户是否需要记住信息",
    "mechanism": "提供可识别的线索与选项",
    "cost": "可见信息的空间与扫描成本"
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "nng-recognition",
      "title": "NN/g · Memory Recognition and Recall",
      "url": "https://www.nngroup.com/articles/recognition-and-recall/",
      "claim": "识别借助线索，回忆需要从记忆提取；界面可通过可见信息降低记忆负担。",
      "checkedAt": "2026-09-15",
      "archive": {
        "lookupUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915*/https://www.nngroup.com/articles/recognition-and-recall/",
        "status": "available",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-15T16:51:46.175Z",
        "jobId": "spn2-4737f90b20212bd3fcf7ceac62283e1adde76b31",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260915165213/https://www.nngroup.com/articles/recognition-and-recall/",
        "timestamp": "20260915165213"
      }
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "target": "progressive-disclosure",
      "kind": "composes_with",
      "condition": "主要选项可见、次要选项有明确入口",
      "reason": "平衡可见性与信息量。",
      "basis": "editorial"
    },
    {
      "target": "inclusive-design",
      "kind": "informs",
      "condition": "考虑记忆与认知差异",
      "reason": "可见线索可作为包容性设计的一项策略。",
      "basis": "editorial"
    }
  ],
  "rules": [
    {
      "when": "用户需要选择分类",
      "instruction": "展示人类可读的选项，避免只要求输入内部代码。",
      "strength": "recommend",
      "basis": "editorial"
    }
  ],
  "principle": {
    "evidenceType": "可用性启发式与记忆机制解释",
    "limit": "不保证任何选择列表都比文字输入更快。"
  },
  "demo": "recognition",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "editorialStatus": "sample-reviewed",
  "requirements": [],
  "demoCapabilities": [
    "keyboard",
    "reduced_motion"
  ],
  "implementationNote": "能力标签只描述本演示；应用到产品时仍须重新验证。",
  "searchTerms": [
    "memory",
    "visible options",
    "beginners",
    "finding",
    "cues"
  ]
}